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Padparadscha Sapphire
A rare pink-orange variety of corundum or the
synthetic equivalent. These gems are mined in Sri Lanka and this
name is derived from the Sinhalese word for lotus flower. It has
Hardness of 9, Specific Gravity of 4 and are usually heat treated
to improve and intensify the color.
Palladium
Palladium is a valuable, durable, and
malleable light-gray metal used in some jewelry; it is related to
platinum, but is less dense and has a lower melting point. It reacts when exposed to aqua regal, sulfuric,
nitric, and hydrochloric acids. It also develops tarnish when it
is heated. White gold is sometimes alloyed with
palladium (instead of nickel), resulting in a gray-white gold.
Parure
A parure is a matching set of jewelry, usually containing a
necklace, earrings, brooch and one or two bracelets.
Patina
A change of an object’s surface layer that results from aging.
Exposure to the air for an extended period of time oxidizes many
metals, turning copper and bronze green, and gold reddish.
Pave
A setting of stones in which the stones are set very close
together. The stones are so closed that they hide the underlying
surface.
Pavilion
The lower part of a cut
gemstone, below the girdle.
Pear cut
Also called a drop cut, it
is teardrop shaped cut, used for pendants, drop
earrings, rings, and other pieces of jewelry.
Pendant
A popular jewelry piece, a hanging ornament usually found in necklaces,
pins, and earrings.
Pearl
Pearls are organic gems that grow within oysters
and a few other mollusks. The Natural process of pearl making is
quite long and takes up to seven or eight years. The mollusks
form pearls by secreting nacre around the foreign object that made its way into
their shell.
This lustrous substance coat the
intruding object and thousands of layers of nacre coat form a pearl
in the process. The most valuable
pearls are perfectly symmetrical, large, naturally produced, and
have a shimmering luster. There are many types of pearls,
like cultured pearls, baroque pearls, freshwater
pearls, seed pearls, Biwa pearls, black pearls, mabe pearls, etc. The biggest natural pearl, known as the
“Pearl of Allah” or “Pearl of Lao-tse,” weighs 14 pounds (6.4
kg.).
Pendelique
A lozenge
shaped cut, frequently used for flawed stones and often used as pendants.
Peridot
Peridot or the “evening emerald”
is a yellow-green semi-precious stone with an
oily shine. This transparent, green, olivine stone has double refraction
property means, when you look through the stone, things appear
double.
Pin
A pin or brooch is an ornament that is commonly used to pin a garment.
Pinchbeck
Also known as “false gold”, it is an
alloy of copper that looks like gold but not a gold at all.
Pink Topaz
It is a very hard pink gemstone that is generally formed by
irradiating common yellow topaz.
Plane of symmetry
refers to a plane that divides
a solid into two mirror-image pieces of the solid.
Plating
Also known as electroplating it is a process
in which one metal is coated with another metal using
electricity. In jewelry, inexpensive metals are frequently
electroplated with more expensive metals, like gold (gold
plating), copper (electro coppering), rhodium (rhodanizing),
chromium (chromium plating), or silver (silver plating).
Platinum
Very strong, dense precious
metal with a white color. Platinum is widely used in jewelry,
platinum jewelry is very sturdy, and holds stones well.
Pleochroism
It is a quality of stone of having more
than two colors, especially when viewed from different angles. In
such stones a single stone will show many colors like Iolite
which has Pleochroism property shows violet-blue, light blue, and yellow-gray
colors.
Plique a jour
A back-less enamel that is
a bit like stained glass. In plique a jour, the enamel work is
translucent. It is made by shaping cloisonne wire on a thin
sheet of metal (or mica). Enamel (powdered glass) is fired into
the wire cells. After the enamel has melted and cooled, the
backing (metal or mica) is peeled away and the translucent enamel
is left suspended in a supporting framework of cloisonne wire.
Point
A point is a hundredth of a carat or 0.002
gram.
Porous
A property of stone in which the stone has
tiny holes that allow water, oils, and other substances to penetrate the
stone, frequently changing their appearance over time. Many
stones are porous, including turquoise.
Poured glass
A jewelry technique in which glass is suspended within a metal
framework resulting in a stained-glass like effect.
Precious stone
Also known as gemstones these are valuable and rare kind of
stones.
Princes cut
A princess cut or Quadrillion or Squarillion cut is a square-cut
stone.
Princess Length
A princess length necklace is 18”
long necklace.
Promise ring
A pre-engagement ring, usually have a smaller stone than
engagement ring.
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